• The question remains as to why Rad

  2018-10-22

  

  The question remains as to why Rad51 is expressed at such high levels in the ES cells. Both Rad51 and Chk1 are phosphorylated in ES raas inhibitors under basal conditions, but the level of activated proteins represents only a small fraction of the protein population (Fig. 3). To validate these find

• Our previous study Ara et al demonstrated

  2018-10-22

  

  Our previous study (Ara et al., 2011) demonstrated the protective efficacy of hypoxic-preconditioning against hypoxic–ischemic injury in newborn piglet model. We showed that hypoxic exposure for 3h, 24h before hypoxia–ischemia, was effective in reducing Cyanine5.5 alkyne damage in newborn piglets w

• br Experimental Procedures br Author Contributions br Acknow

  2018-10-22

  

  Experimental Procedures Author Contributions Acknowledgments The authors thank Drs. J. Toga and E. Yagi (Osaka University) for expression and purification of the recombinant LM511-E8 and Professor H. Ohmori (Kyoto University) for an electrophysiological study. We also thank Dr. E. Yamasaki,

• In concert with biochemical cues mechanical stimuli can acti

  2018-10-22

  

  In concert with biochemical cues, mechanical stimuli can activate or inhibit signaling pathways, and thus regulate transcription factor expression to drive myocardial differentiation, specification, and maturation (Van Vliet et al., 2012; Happe and Engler, 2016). As shown by others (Gessert and Kühl

• In keep with our observation that chemokines

  2018-10-22

  

  In keep with our observation that chemokines are highly expressed by limbal progenitors, others have identified CXCL12 as the most highly expressed gene by LESC compared to central cornea epithelial AAK1 dual inhibitor manufacturer by microarray (Nieto-Miguel et al., 2011). In a similar study, Taka

• br Conflict of interest br

  2018-10-22

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (CUHK 464411 to B.F.) (HKUST T13-607/12R to Y.I. et al.); and in part by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (A.03.12.00601 to B.F.). We are grateful to

• br Our group has utilized human fetal

  2018-10-20

  

  Our group has utilized human fetal hearts and a lineage-tracing, Isl1–cre knock-in hESC line as tools to study the developmental programs during human cardiogenesis and to examine the paracrine signaling mechanisms involved in self-renewal (Qyang et al., 2007) and lineage specification (Lui et al.

• Our study reports that the loss of Klf from intestinal

  2018-10-20

  

  Our study reports that the loss of Klf5 from intestinal stem MLN4924 leads to reduction in proliferation eventually resulting in the loss of stem cells. We propose three possible outcomes of Klf5 deletion in stem cells that could elucidate our findings. Firstly, the replenishment of the TA cell pop

• br Introduction Developmental myelination and

  2018-10-20

  

  Introduction Developmental myelination and myelin repair after demyelination are mediated by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). OPCs are characterized by markers such as PDGFRα and the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan NG2 (Dubois-Dalcq et al., 2008; Franklin and Ffrench-Constant, 2008; Nishi

• Here we show that cholesterol metabolites play an important

  2018-10-20

  

  Here, we show that cholesterol metabolites play an important role in cardiac differentiation in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC). Gcrt receptor expression in the early mouse embryo and its exclusive localization to cell nuclei within the visceral endoderm then prompted us to further investigate a p

• It is well known that specific ion fluxes

  2018-10-20

  

  It is well known that specific ion fluxes are necessary for tissue regeneration, and that EMF with frequencies below 100Hz induce physiological effects as a result of ionic interactions (Funk and Monsees, 2006; Gartzke and Lange, 2002). Adams et al. reported that active up-regulation of a pump mecha

• In accordance with our previous observations Salazar

  2018-10-20

  

  In accordance with our previous observations (Salazar et al., 2010), hCSN-SCns transplanted at the early-chronic stage of SCI exhibited migration away from the injury epicenter, as well as a preferential rostral localization in migration and proliferation. These data may suggest that extrinsic facto

• We became interested in the potential role of

  2018-10-20

  

  We became interested in the potential role of ADF genes and ruthenium red dynamics during osteoblast (OB) differentiation of hMSCs for several reasons. First, actin and microtubules are abundant in osteoblasts (Aubin et al., 1983; Arena et al., 1991). During OB differentiation, cell morphology is f

• The importance of the finding that

  2018-10-20

  

  The importance of the finding that the prostaglandin pathway is selectively downregulated by MSX2, but not MSX1, is 2-fold; i) this functional disparity between MSX1 and MSX2 provides a mechanistic insight into a cellularization event during muscle dedifferentiation and ii) it also demonstrates that

• CD BMSCs formed heterotopic bone in vivo which

  2018-10-20

  

  CD34+ BMSCs formed heterotopic bone in vivo which corroborate their enrichment in osteoprogenitors. While in the present study, we employed CD34 as a marker that defines a specific lineage within BMSCs, it is plausible that CD34 plays a role in osteoblast differentiation. CD34 plays an important rol

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