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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Our liver
2022-01-05

Materials and methods Results Discussion Our liver-specific Gck (−/−) mice and another line of liver-specific mice [13] exhibited impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, both knockout mice showed decreased hepatic glycogen content and reduced Pklr and Fas gene concentration equation in th
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At the second step blind
2022-01-05

At the second step, blind docking simulation of 150 independent runs was performed with smaller grid box. Structures of open (1v4t.pdb), semi-closed (4dch.pdb) and two structures of closed configuration of GK (pdb codes are 1v4s and 3vev) were used for simulation (for detailed explanations on can se
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LbGlcK and the HsHxKIV d glucose complex PDB
2022-01-05

LbGlcK and the HsHxKIV-d-glucose complex (PDB entry 3IDH) [17] were superimposed from individual subunits. The active site regions revealed the key vegf inhibitor binding residues to be present for LbGlcK; also, the superposition showed that HsHxKIV had residues that were absent in LbGlcK, such as K
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faah inhibitors Importantly bioelectric circuits in tissues
2022-01-05

(4) Importantly, bioelectric circuits in tissues (Fig. 2A) have a capacity to store long-term patterning information. An example is planarian anterior-posterior patterning: during regeneration, each fragment cut from a worm needs to build a head and tail at their correct ends. This process is regula
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br Concluding remarks br Introduction The
2022-01-05

Concluding remarks Introduction The hair flecainide acetate of vestibular organs detect linear and rotational head movements, providing sensory information that is essential for normal postural and visual reflexes. Most vestibular hair cells are produced during embryonic development, but they
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br Introduction Fructose bisphosphatase FBPase EC catalyses
2022-01-05

Introduction Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase; EC 3.1.3.11) catalyses the irreversible reaction of hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate and inorganic phosphate [1]. Genetic and kinetic studies so far have demonstrated that at least two distinct isoenzymes of FBPase e
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Accordingly and in animal models a high fat diet rich
2022-01-05

Accordingly and in animal models, a high-fat diet rich in CO (CO-HFD) impeded ventricular function and induced cardiac cell death and remodeling, at least, by down-regulating cell antioxidant defense systems and induction of oxidative stress [28], [29], [30], [31]. Interestingly, long chain fatty ac
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br FAAH mediation of fear and
2022-01-05

FAAH mediation of fear and extinction In addition to being a major target and modulator of stress, the BLA is a critical node within the neural circuitry subserving learned fear behaviors. The BLA is activated during the formation, expression, and extinction of conditioned fear memories, and dama
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In vitro studies have described the kinetic
2022-01-05

In vitro studies have described the kinetic parameters of the KDM4A catalytic site (cKDM4A) (Figure 1C) (23); the kcat/KM (kcat as the catalytic constant and KM as the Michaelis constant) values represent how fast the enzyme reacts with the substrate once it encounters the substrate, where the value
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There have been a few studies investigating the effects of
2022-01-04

There have been a few studies investigating the effects of histamine on mast cells but the majority of these has been on rodent and cultured mast cells (Hofstra et al., 2003, Lippert et al., 2004, Jemima et al., 2014). How representative these systems are of primary human cells is a moot point since
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One of the key epithelium derived factors required to mainta
2022-01-04

One of the key epithelium-derived factors required to maintain immune tolerance in the intestine is Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). Ihh is secreted exclusively by intestinal epithelial cells, and signals in a paracrine manner to the inhibitory receptor Patched1 (Ptch1) on Adenine sulfate in the mesenchyme. B
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Renal disease is characterized by aberrant fibrotic remodeli
2022-01-04

Renal disease is characterized by aberrant fibrotic remodeling of renal tissue, elevated apoptosis in kidney tissue, and eventual organ failure. In addition, patients with renal disease are more likely to suffer from systemic hypertension due to oxidative damage (reviewed in Ref. [18]). Treatment of
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To verify the feasibility of
2022-01-04

To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, EIS is firstly adopted to study the modification processes of the electrode. As shown in Fig. 1A, the nyquist plot of bare gold electrode exhibits a straight line, which indicates a fast charge transfer process (curve a). After modified with probe a,
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As discussed above both endogenous and exogenous lesions can
2022-01-04

As discussed above, both endogenous and exogenous lesions can lead to adverse health effects [43]. Damaged nucleobases can block DNA replication which is often lethal to cells [44]. The effectiveness of DNA restoration by DNA glycosylases should be closely monitored to gain an insight of the functio
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To date glycine receptors have been found in
2022-01-04

To date, glycine receptors have been found in five distinct transmembrane protein subunits (one β subunit and four α subunit (α1–α4)), combining to form two different types of functional receptors [4], [14], either α homomeric, the immature extrasynaptic glycine receptor subtype, or αβ heteromeric,
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